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SUMMARY

An elephant, painted from the front, filling the entire frame. It is a bold composition which gives the long, narrow surface a surprising and unexpected twist. The method of filling in the background with ink to make the elephant stand out without adding color is effective; it is speculated that the effects of taku-hanga (“rubbing prints”) were applied to the hand-painted work. The style may look simple, but its meticulous and thoughtful use of light and dark ink can be seen. Points such as the expression of the back with just three curved lines are abstract and fascinating. From the signature and seal, we learn that the piece was made in Jakuchu’s mid-70s. In 1728, an actual elephant was brought to Japan at the behest of the eighth shogun, Tokugawa Yoshimune. It is said that the following year, it was walked from Nagasaki to Edo. 14-year-old Jakuchu likely saw the elephant himself in Kyoto. In this piece, the memory of the elephant, just as he may have seen it, is painted with such impact that it would seem to jump out from the tatami-sized gasenshi (a type of paper used for ink painting and calligraphy). Along with his famous masterpieces Birds, Animals and Flowering Plants in Imaginary Scene and Birds and Animals in the Flower Garden, only five pieces featuring Jakuchu’s front-facing elephant can be confirmed at present. This piece is a rare example.

ARTIST

Ito Jakuchu

1716-1800

Born the eldest son to a greengrocer in Nishiki Alley, Takakura, Kyoto, with the given name Jokin and family name Keiwa. Also went by the names Tobeian and Beito’o. After devoting himself to painting and Zen, receiving the householder (Buddhist practitioners who do so from home) title of Jakuchu, at age 40 he turned the family business over to his brother to concentrate on painting. Studying under the Kano school at first, in time he copied Chinese paintings from the Song, Yuan, and Ming dynasties at ancient temples in Kyoto. Influenced by the detailed paintings of flowers and birds by Shen Nanpin, which were popular at the time, as well as ink paintings associated with the Obaku school of Zen Buddhism, he perfected an art style that skillfully blended realism and imagination. He died at the age of 85.

List of artworks by the same artist

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